Rana's primary work focuses on disparities in access and adherence to medical treatment among people living with HIV, and implementation of evidence-based interventions to improve engagement with HIV care.

Rana leads UAB's Center For Aids Research Ending HIV in Alabama Scientific Working Group, which includes a broad range of clinical epidemiologic, sociobehavioral researchers, as well as community engagement and public health partners catalyzing Birmingham and Alabama's progression toward the UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals.