Since the discovery of the genes responsible for the different forms of neurofibromatosis, much has been learned about how the various problems associated with neurofibromatosis come about. This opens the door towards development and testing of medications that may be helpful in preventing or treating complications of the disorders. The NF Clinical Trials Consortium was formed in 2006 with funding from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command to carry out clinical trials of such medications. The Consortium consists of thirteen primary and ten affiliate clinical centers around the US and Australia with an Operations Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham to coordinate consortium activities.